Twenty-five patients from a randomized, double-blind clinical trial (ID: NCT01218841) were randomly included to evaluate leukocyte death after 3 days of preoperative infusion (0.2 g fat/kg/d) of an LE composed equally of medium/long-chain triglycerides and soybean oil (MCTs/LCTs) or pure fish oil (FO).     ///    There were no differences in lymphocyte or neutrophil death when MCT/LCT and FO treatments were compared during either preoperative or postoperative periods.     ///    "In patients with gastrointestinal cancer, preoperative MCT/LCT infusion was associated with postoperative lymphocyte and neutrophil apoptosis. "    ///    "After LE infusion (t1 vs t0), MCTs/LCTs did not influence cell death. "    ///    "In the postoperative period, MCT/LCT emulsion increased the proportion of apoptotic neutrophils, and FO emulsion did not change any parameter of apoptosis in the neutrophil population. "    ///    "MCT/LCTs altered the expression of 12 of 108 genes related to cell death, with both pro- and antiapoptotic effects. "    ///    "At the postoperative period (t2 vs t0), MCTs/LCTs tripled the proportion of apoptotic lymphocytes. "