Until a well-designed study comparing the two strategies is performed, or at least prospective cohort studies with strict entry criteria and definitions, the cumulative experience and success of both medical management and IVF/PGD must be used to counsel patients who are carriers of a reciprocal translocation, ascertained on the basis of recurrent pregnancy loss..     ///    "Based on this systematic review, successful pregnancy outcomes are high following either medical management or IVF/PGD for carriers of a reciprocal translocation, ascertained on the basis of recurrent pregnancy loss. "    ///    Cumulative live birthrate was 74% (81 of 109 cases) in the medical management group and 35% (7 of 20) in the IVF/PGD group.     ///    Subsequent pregnancy outcomes were tabulated based on whether management was medical or involved in vitro fertilization/preimplantation genetic diagnosis (IVF/PGD).     ///    Management was medical in 109 cases and IVF/PGD in 20 cases. 