Retinoic acid leads to cytoskeletal rearrangement through AMPK-Rac1 and stimulates glucose uptake through AMPK-p38 MAPK in skeletal muscle cells..     ///    "In summary, our results suggest that retinoic acid may have cytoskeletal roles in skeletal muscle cells via stimulation of the AMPK-Rac1-PAK-cofillin pathway and may also have beneficial roles in glucose metabolism via stimulation of the AMPK-p38 MAPK pathway.. "