 In spite of the high complete remission rate that chemotherapy achieves in acute myeloid leukemia with AML1-ETO gene rearrangement, relapse is a major cause of treatment failure in this condition.     ///    RQ-PCR detected the reappearance of AML1-ETO fusion transcripts in both peripheral blood and bone marrow during apparent complete remission.     ///    Quantification of AML1-ETO fusion transcript as a prognostic indicator in acute myeloid leukemia..     ///    We aimed to determine a predictor of relapse with the real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) of AML1-ETO chimeric mRNA.     ///    Our findings indicate that regular monitoring of AML1-ETO chimeric transcript levels by RQ-PCR on bone marrow or peripheral blood samples could be extremely useful for the selection of high-risk patients and be an early predictor of relapse.. 